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What is magma?

  1. an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites

  2. molten rock in the earth's crust

  3. an animal fed milk from the mother's body

  4. a tumor that is malignant

The correct answer is: molten rock in the earth's crust

Magma is accurately defined as molten rock found beneath the Earth's surface. It is composed of a mixture of liquid rock, gases, and mineral crystals, which form under high temperatures and pressures deep within the Earth. This substance is critical to understanding geological processes such as volcanic activity and the formation of igneous rocks. When magma rises to the Earth's surface, it can erupt as lava, contributing to the construction of landforms like volcanoes. The other options, while they may represent important scientific concepts, do not pertain to the definition of magma and highlight completely different subjects unrelated to geology. The focus on molten rock signifies the role of magma in the geological functions of our planet, making this choice distinctly relevant and accurate.