GED Science Practice

What is atomic fission?

1. The breaking down of an atomic nucleus into two or more parts with a great release of energy

2. An upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins

3. One of a group of "minor plants" between Mars and Jupiter

4. The joining of atomic nuclei to form heavier nuclei

The correct answer is: The breaking down of an atomic nucleus into two or more parts with a great release of energy

Atomic fission is the process in which an atomic nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei, along with the release of a significant amount of energy. This release of energy occurs because the binding energy that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is converted into kinetic energy during the fission event. In nuclear reactors and atomic bombs, fission plays a crucial role as it can initiate a chain reaction, where the fission of one nucleus can cause the fission of additional nuclei, leading to an exponential increase in energy release. The process is fundamental to understanding nuclear energy and its applications, including electricity generation and weaponry. The other options describe unrelated concepts. One refers to a part of the heart's anatomy, while another mentions a specific region in our solar system, and the last option describes nuclear fusion, which involves combining nuclei rather than splitting them. Thus, the key concept of atomic fission is accurately captured in the correct answer.