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What is an atom?

  1. One of a group of "minor plants" between Mars and Jupiter

  2. The smallest particle of an element with a nucleus surrounded by electrons

  3. One of a group of "minor planets" between Mars and Jupiter

  4. An upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins

The correct answer is: The smallest particle of an element with a nucleus surrounded by electrons

An atom is defined as the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of the element. It consists of a positively charged nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons. Options A and C are incorrect as they refer to "minor planets" rather than the fundamental building blocks of matter. Option D is incorrect as it describes a part of the heart, which has no relation to atoms.