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What is a thin wire (usually tungsten) that is heated white hot by the passage of an electric current?

  1. Excretion

  2. Fallout

  3. Filament

  4. Fatty acid

The correct answer is: Filament

A filament is a thin wire (usually tungsten) that is heated white hot by the passage of an electric current, commonly used in light bulbs. Option A, Excretion, refers to the process of removing waste materials from the body. Option B, Fallout, does not pertain to the given context as it refers to the debris or remnants of a nuclear explosion. Option D, Fatty acid, is a molecule that is important for the synthesis of different compounds in living organisms and does not fit the description of a thin wire that is heated by an electric current. Therefore, the most accurate and relevant answer is option C, Filament.