GED Science Practice

What does "conglomerate" refer to in the context of geology?

1. a group of stars that form a pattern in the sky

2. a composite rock made up of particles of varying size

3. a device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc.

4. a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients

The correct answer is: a composite rock made up of particles of varying size

The term "conglomerate" in geology refers to a type of sedimentary rock that is characterized by its composition of larger, rounded clasts or fragments that are cemented together by finer material. Conglomerates are formed when sediments are transported by water or other natural forces and then deposited, leading to the accumulation of these clasts of varying sizes, typically ranging from pebble size up to boulder size. The presence of these larger particles distinguishes conglomerate from other sedimentary rocks, such as sandstone, which is made up of smaller, sand-sized grains. This understanding of conglomerate connects it to the processes of erosion and deposition, where different materials are carried over distances and ultimately settle together, forming a solid rock. It highlights the geological history of an area based on the composition and arrangement of the particles within the rock. The nature of conglomerate rocks gives insights into the environment of deposition, such as high-energy river settings. Other options do not accurately represent the geological definition. While one option suggests a group of stars (which pertains to astronomy), another describes a device related to energy transmission (which falls under technology), and the last option refers to chemical compounds (more relevant in chemistry). These terms, while valuable in their own contexts, do